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Part C
Directions：
Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segments into Chinese. Your translation should be written clearly on ANSWER SHEET 2.（10 points）
1、In his autobiography, Darwin himself speaks of his intellectual powers with extraordinary modesty. He points out that he always experienced much difficulty in expressing himself clearly and concisely, but （46） he believes that this very difficulty may have had the compensating advantage of forcing him to think long and intently about every sentence, and thus enabling him to detect errors in reasoning and in his own observations.
（46） he believes that this very difficulty may have had the compensating advantage of forcing him to think long and intently about every sentence, and thus enabling him to detect errors in reasoning and in his own observations.
解析：本句是一个主从复合句。
that 引导的宾语从句，作believes的宾语。在宾语从句中，介词短语of forcing him to think…作后置定语，修饰advantage；
and连接并列的动名词短语 forcing…和 thus enabling…作介词of的宾语。
对于that引导的宾语从句而言，可将其单独译出，也就是说，he believes that…可译为“他认为，……”；
very 在此处为形容词，用于名词前表示强调，可译为“正是”，因此可将 this very difficulty 译为“正是这种困难”；
（46） he believes that this very difficulty may have had the compensating advantage of forcing him to think long and intently about every sentence, and thus enabling him to detect errors in reasoning and in his own observations.
由上文可知，“这种困难”指的是“语言表达上的困难”
compensating advantage 是翻译难点，原句要表达的意思是“达尔文语言表达上的困难反过来促使他对每一句话都进行长时间的认真思考”。
这既是对他语言表达上的缺点的弥补，也成了他的一种优势。若将 compensating advantage 译为“补偿性的优势”， 不易使人读懂。
因此可将其译为“反而成了优点”。
and连接并列的介词短语 in reasoning 和 in his own observations 作后置定语，可将其置于被修饰词errors之前翻译，即“推理和自己观察中的错误”。
（46） he believes that this very difficulty may have had the compensating advantage of forcing him to think long and intently about every sentence, and thus enabling him to detect errors in reasoning and in his own observations.
【译文】他认为，或许正是（语言表达上的）这种困难，使他不得不对自己要说的每一句话都进行长时间的认真思考，而这能使他发现自己在推理和观察中的错误，结果这反而成为了他的优点。
He disclaimed the possession of any great quickness of apprehension or wit, such as distinguished Huxley. （47） He asserted, also, that his power to follow a long and purely abstract train of thought was very limited, for which reason he felt certain that he never could have succeeded with mathematics.
（47） He asserted, also, that his power to follow a long and purely abstract train of thought was very limited, for which reason he felt certain that he never could have succeeded with mathematics.
解析：本句是一个主从复合句。主句中，that引导的宾语从句，作asserted 的宾语。注意，for which reason并非which 引导的定语从句，在这里应将其理解为结果状语，即“因为这个原因”；
在结果状语从句中，that引导的宾语从句，作felt certain的宾语。对于that引导的宾语从句而言，可将其单独译出。
a…train of 表示“一连串”，可不必译出；follow本意为“跟随”，但其后的宾语为thought（思维），因此可将其引申为“进行（思维）”；动词不定式短语 to follow a long…作后置定语，可将其置于被修饰词power 之前翻译，即“进行长时间完全抽象思维的能力”。
（47） He asserted, also, that his power to follow a long and purely abstract train of thought was very limited, for which reason he felt certain that he never could have succeeded with mathematics.
【译文】他还坚持认为自己进行长时间完全抽象思
维的能力十分有限，由此他认定自己在数学方面根
本不可能有大的作为。
His memory, too, he described as extensive, but hazy. So poor in one sense was it that he never could remember for more than a few days a single date or a line of poetry. （48） On the other hand, he did not accept as well founded the charge made by some of his critics that, while he was a good observer, he had no power of reasoning.
（48） On the other hand, he did not accept as well founded the charge made by some of his critics that, while he was a good observer, he had no power of reasoning.
解析：本句是一个主从复合句。主句的主语为he,谓语为 did not accept,宾语为 the charge,介词短语as well founded 作宾语补足语。注意，由于宾语 the charge的修饰成分较多，为了保持句子结构平衡，因此将补足语 as well founded 提前。
that 引导的同位语从句，解释说明 the charge；that 引导的同位语从句中包含了一个while引导的让步状语从句。“he did not accept as well founded the charge”还原为正常语序为
＂he did not accept the charge as well founded”，可直接译为“他认为这种指责没有根据”。
过去分词短语 made by some of his critics 作后置定语，翻译时可置于被修饰词 the charge之前，即“一些评论家所做的指责”。
（48） On the other hand, he did not accept as well founded the charge made by some of his critics that, while he was a good observer, he had no power of reasoning.
【译文】另一方面，某些评论家指责他虽然善于观察，却缺乏推理能力，而他认为这种说法也是缺少根据的。
This, he thought, could not be true, because the “Origin of Species” is one long argument from the beginning to the end, and has convinced many able men. No one, he submits, could have written it without possessing some power of reasoning. He was willing to assert that “I have a fair share of invention, and of common sense or judgment, such as every fairly successful lawyer or doctor must have, but not, I believe, in any higher degree.”
（49） He adds humbly that perhaps he was “superior to the common run of men in noticing things which easily escape attention, and in observing them carefully.”
解析：本句是一个主从复合句。
that引导的宾语从句，作adds 的宾语。and 连接并列的介词短语 innoticing things…和 in observing them carefully 均作 状语，修饰 superior to…；
which 引导的定语从句，修饰things.在翻译时可将 that 引导的宾语从句单独译出，因此可将“He adds humbly that…”译为“他谦逊地补充道，……”
and 连接并列的介词短语 in noticing things…和 in observing them carefully 均作状语，翻译时将其置于表语之前，them 指代 things,即“在注意事物并对其加以仔细观察方面优于常人”；
which 引导的定语从句可置于被修饰词之前译出，即“容易逃离注意的事物”，这种说法不符合汉语表达习惯，因此可调整为“容易被忽视的事物”。
（49） He adds humbly that perhaps he was “superior to the common run of men in noticing things which easily escape attention, and in observing them carefully.”
【译文】他又谦逊地说，或许自己“在注意容易被忽略的事物，并对其加以仔细观察方面优于常人。”
Writing in the last year of his life, he expressed the opinion that in two or three respects his mind had changed during the preceding twenty or thirty years. Up to the age of thirty or beyond it poetry of many kinds gave him great pleasure. Formerly, too, pictures had given him considerable, and music very great, delight. In 1881, however, he said： “Now for many years I cannot endure to read a line of poetry. I have also almost lost my taste for pictures or music.” （50） Darwin was convinced that the loss of these tastes was not only a loss of happiness, but might possibly be injurious to the intellect, and more probably to the moral character.
（50） Darwin was convinced that the loss of these tastes was not only a loss of happiness, but might possibly be injurious to the intellect, and more probably to the moral character.
解析：本句是一个主从复合句。that 引导的宾语从句，作 was convinced 的宾语。
从句的主语为 the loss of these tastes,not only…but 连接并列的系表结构：was…a loss of happiness 和 might possibly be injurious.
and连接并列的介词短语 to the intellect 和 to the moral character作状语，表对象。在翻译时，可将that引导的宾语从句单独译出，因此可将“Darwin was convinced that …” 译为“达尔文确信，…”。
the loss of these tastes 可译为“失去这些兴趣”； not only …but…结构可以译为 “不仅…还… ”
（50） Darwin was convinced that the loss of these tastes was not only a loss of happiness, but might possibly be injurious to the intellect, and more probably to the moral character.
【译文】达尔文确信，没有了这些爱好不只是少了乐趣，而且可能会损害一个人的思维能力，更有可能导致一个人道德品质的下降。
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