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Why do people read negative Internet comments and do other things that will obviously be painful? Because humans have an inherent need to 1 uncertainty, according to a recent study in Psychological Science. The new research reveals that the need to know is strong that people will 2 to satisfy their curiosity even when it is clear the answer will 3 .
1、A. ignore B. protect C. discuss D. resolve
2、A. refuse B. seek C. wait D. regret
3、A. rise B. last C. hurt D. mislead
参考答案：D、B、C
In a series of experiments, behavioral scientists at the University of Chicago and the Wisconsin school of Business tested students’ willingness to 4 themselves to unpleasant stimuli in an effort to satisfy curiosity. For one 5 , each participant was shown a pile of pens that the researcher claimed were from a previous experiment. The twist? Half of the pens would 6 an electric shock when clicked.
4、A. alert B. expose C. tie D. treat
5、A. trial B. message C. review D. concept
6、A. remove B. deliver C. weaken D. interrupt
参考答案：B、A、B
Twenty-seven students were told with pens were electrified; another twenty-seven were told only that some were electrified. 7 left alone in the room. The students who did not know which ones would shock them clicked more pens and incurred more shocks than the students who knew that would 8 . Subsequent experiments reproduced this effect with other stimuli, 9 the sound of fingernails on a chalkboard and photographs of disgusting insects.
7、A. Unless B. If C. When D. Though
8、A. change B. continue C. disappear D. happen
9、A. such as B. rather than C. regardless of D. owing to
参考答案：C、D、A
The drive to 10 is deeply rooted in humans, much the same as the basic drives for 11 or shelter, says Christopher Hsee of the University of Chicago. Curiosity is often considered a good instinct—it can 12 new scientific advances, for instance—but sometimes such 13 can backfire. The insight that curiosity can drive you to do 14 things is a profound one.
10、A. disagree B. forgive C. discover D. forget
11、A. pay B. food C. marriage D. schooling
12、A. begin with B. rest on C. lead to D. learn from
13、A. inquiry B. withdrawal C. persistence D. diligence
14、A. self-deceptive B. self-reliant
C. self-evident D. self-destructive
参考答案：C、B、C、A、D
Unhealthy curiosity is possible to 15 , however. In a final experiment, participants who were encouraged to 16 how they would feel after viewing an unpleasant picture were less likely to 17 to see such an image. These results suggest that imagining the 18 of following through on one’s curiosity ahead of time can help determine 19 it is worth the endeavor. Thinking about long-term 20 is key to reducing the possible negative effects of curiosity,” Hsee says. In other words, don’t read online comments.
15、A.trace B.define C.replace D.resist
16、A.conceal B.overlook C.design D.predict
17、A.choose B.remember C.promise D.pretend
18、A.relief B.outcome C.plan D.duty
19、A.how B.why C.where D.whether
20、A.limitations B.investments C.consequences D.strategies
参考答案：D、D、A、B、D、C
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Ancient Greek philosopher Aristotle viewed laughter as “a bodily exercise precious to health.” But 1 some claims to the contrary, laughing probably has little influence on physical fitness Laughter does 2 short-term changes in the function of the heart and its blood vessels, 3 heart rate and oxygen consumption But because hard laughter is difficult to 4 , a good laugh is unlikely to have 5 benefits the way, say, walking or jogging does.
1、A. among B. except C. despite D. like
2、A. reflect B. demand C. indicate D. produce
3、A. stabilizing B. boosting C. impairing D. determining
4、A. transmit B. sustain C. evaluate D. observe
5、A. measurable B. manageable C. affordable D. renewable
参考答案：C、D、B、B、A
6 , instead of straining muscles to build them, as exercise does, laughter apparently accomplishes the 7 , studies dating back to the 1930’s indicate that laughter 8 muscles, decreasing muscle tone for up to 45 minutes after the laugh dies down.
6、A. In turn B. In fact C. In addition D. In brief
7、A. opposite B. impossible C. average D. expected
8、A. hardens B. weakens C. tightens D. relaxes
参考答案：B、A、D
Such bodily reaction might conceivably help 9 the effects of psychological stress. Anyway, the act of laughing probably does produce other types of 10 feedback, that improve an individual’s emotional state. 11 one classical theory of emotion, our feelings are partially rooted 12 physical reactions. It was argued at the end of the 19th century that humans do not cry 13 they are sad but they become sad when the tears begin to flow.
9、 A. aggravate B. generate C. moderate D. enhance
10、A. physical B. mental C. subconscious D. internal
11、A. Except for B. According to C. Due to D. As for
12、A. with B. on C. in D. at
13、A. unless B. until C. if D. because
参考答案：C、A、B、C、D
Although sadness also 14 tears, evidence suggests that emotions can flow 15 muscular responses. In an experiment published in 1988,social psychologist Fritz Strack of the University of würzburg in Germany asked volunteers to 16 a pen either with their teeth-thereby creating an artificial smile – or with their lips, which would produce a(n) 17 expression.
14、A. exhausts B. follows C. precedes D. suppresses
15、A. into B. from C. towards D. beyond
16、A. fetch B. bite C. pick D. hold
17、A. disappointed B. excited
C. joyful D. indifferent
参考答案：C、B、D、A
Those forced to exercise their smiling muscles 18 more exuberantly to funny cartoons than did those whose mouths were contracted in a frown, 19 that expressions may influence emotions rather than just the other way around 20 , the physical act of laughter could improve mood.
18、A. adapted B. catered C. turned D. reacted
19、A. suggesting B. requiring
C. mentioning D. supposing
20、A. Eventually B. Consequently
C. Similarly D. Conversely
参考答案：D、A、C
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